Ingeniería Mecánica
URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11371/80
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Ítem Diseño y caracterización de una bobina de tesla para ionizar plasmaMuñoz Ramirez, Uriel; Vásquez Beltran, Cristhian Camilo; Hincapié Campos, Williams Steve; Carrillo Álvarez, Víctor Manuel, Co-directorEn este artículo investigativo se logró caracterizar una bobina Tesla, un dispositivo que utiliza un circuito RLC con una frecuencia resonante. La caracterización se realizó con cálculosteóricos, experimentos prácticos y simulaciones del circuito. En la etapa práctica, se generó plasma a temperatura ambiente, lo que permitió observar directamente los efectos de la resonancia en el dispositivo. Además, se obtuvieron resultados sobre la frecuencia de resonancia de los circuitos implicados. Con la información teórica, se realizó una simulación en una plataforma en línea, que permitió visualizar el comportamiento de las frecuencias de resonancia en diferentes condiciones. Esta simulación permitió un análisis comparativo entre los resultados teóricos y prácticos, evaluando la resonancia y caracterización de la bobina en relación con las propiedades de cada componente. El análisis comparativo reveló coherencia entre los datos teóricos y prácticos, sin embargo, se observó que la inducción no era eficiente por la diferencia entre las frecuencias de resonancia entre los circuitos primario y secundario.Ítem Analisis metalografico de probetas obtenidas a partir de un proceso de manufactura aditiva por soldadura por arco (WAAM)Ramírez Martínez, Omar Felipe; Corrales Rojas, William Yesid; Gutiérrez Bernal, Jesús Manuel; Hincapié Campos, Williams Steve (Codirector)The following document presents a metallographic analysis of several strands of two specimens obtained by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) for Foundation University the Liberators. The samples obtained by this process were subjected to a preparation process under the standard practice for the preparation, cleaning, and evaluation of corrosion test specimens (ASTM G1), after which the specimens were left with a gloss-mirror finish with the help of a cloth of fine fibers, then, a chemical attack was performed with 3% Nital to reveal its metallographic structure. As a result of the chemical attack, a structural recognition was made using a metallographic microscope (Olympus GX41) which provided us with great information when studying each weld bead, allowing us to identify its metallographic structure in each of the trajectories of the weld bead; Finally, a micro hardness test was carried out using the Future-Tech FM-700 micro hardness tester with a load of 100G with a result in Vickers (HV) in each of the beads, and thus being able to find the differences in microstructure and hardness between each weld bead, which will be shown in the following tables.Ítem Implementación de la gestión de activos para una caldera pirotubularLópez Sierra, Brayan Steven; Pachón Pachón, Jesús Robinson; Jaramillo, Leonardo Fabio; Hincapié Campos, Williams SteveIn this project, asset management was implemented specifying the plan of maintenance for the 6 BHP Firetube boiler "Tecnik", located in the thermal sciences laboratory of the Los Libertadores University Foundation. This was achieved based on the ISO 55000 standard and the manuals of operation of the equipment delivered by the manufacturer. This maintenance plan will be focused towards the electromechanical components including the board general electrical, the water supply pump and the ignition burner. TO Then, the survey of technical information and plates was carried out characteristics of the boiler as well as the auxiliary equipment; The plan of maintenance began with the drafting of the POE (operating procedure standard) and the set-up of the asset. Finally, the verification of the water and steam conduction pipe in order to carry out a diagnosis of the operation status.Ítem Manual para el proceso operativo de la máquina universal de ensayos galdabini 10 y caracterización de probetas para pruebas de tracciónContreras León, Cristian Camilo; Ávila Reyes, Edison Javier; Rolón Ríos, Juan EduardoThe objective of this work is to optimize the operating process of the Galdabini 10 universal testing machine for the tensile tests at the Los Libertadores University Foundation. The work consists of eight parts. In the first one is the theoretical framework where a large part of the generalities of the tensile test are found. The second part of this work shows the universal testing machine owned by the Los Libertadores University Foundation. In the third part, there are the specimens that were made and that are in accordance with the standards ASTM D638, ASTM E8 and ASTM B557; plans and manufacturing codes of the specimens for the computerized numerical control center (milling machine) of the university. In the fourth part there is the characterization of the plastic and metal specimens where the behavior of these in the tests is observed. In the fifth part is the operating manual where, through a step by step, it allows any user to perform a tensile test on the Galdabini universal machine In the sixth part is the financial analysis where the unit value of each test tube. In the last two chapters it has the conclusions and recommendations.Ítem Desarrollo de un simulador de manufactura aditiva por soldadura por arco (WAAM) para el centro de mecanizado Leadwell V20i de la Fundación Universitaria Los LibertadoresPoveda Castillo, Yeimy Caterine; García Zaragoza, Ubaldo; Gutiérrez Bernal, Jesús ManuelAdditive manufacturing, for its ability to create three-dimensional parts, providing flexibility, structural integrity and geometric resolution, similar to other conventional manufacturing processes; is positioned among a list of 15 disruptive technologies that achieve relevant change and disrupts the way industries, businesses and consumers operate. This document presents the development of an additive arc welding manufacturing simulator (WAAM) for the Leadwell V20i machining center of the Los Libertadores University Foundation with the help of SprutCAM software. The objective is to strengthen capacities in terms of research, laboratory equipment, and personnel training, providing the students of the institution the possibility of generating autonomy in the manufacture of metal components. Using the methodological approach used, the theoretical parameters on the state of the art of additive manufacturing in specific with arc welding were initially reviewed, allowing a positive approach to the implementation of this technology. The main contributions of the research are framed in the integration of a Lincoln SPEEDTECCC 200C welding equipment to the Leadwell V20i machining center to generate a dual purpose machine which are: subtractive and additive technique, as well as the development of a simulator with the desired parameters that allows to have a preview to the print, resulting in the development of a working methodology that allows the automatic manufacture of parts through the WAAM process and finally an approach to the process from the perspective of non-destructive testing.Ítem Comparación de estructuras para bloques de construcción elaborados en plástico recicladoGuerrero Moreno, Yuri; Miranda Minota, Daniel Giovanny; Felipe Aguillón, Andrés; Villalba Vidales, Jorge ArmandoThis research seeks to make a comparison, using 3D models and simulations of mechanical load on blocks with bio-inspired structures, which will later be used for the construction of low-cost housing. Each block will be made of recycled plastic and will seek to make the manufacturing process more efficient, simple, replicable and scalable, maximizing the use of materials, preserving the strength and mechanical properties without considering the thermal variables that affect the structure. In addition, the objective is to find improvements in terms of element deformation, safety factor, volume and mass reduction, compared to a solid block.Ítem Simulator and Post Process of CNC Leadwell F1 MachineVarela Romero, Steven Leonardo; Villalba, Jorge ArmandoIn general, in Colombia, a large part of the metal industry requires the programming manual of CNC machine tools, which significantly increases the time of manufacture, since this code must be verified in vacuum before proceeding to the machining of royal way. Addressing this problem, the simulator and post processor were developed to leadwell f1 cnc machine It virtually shows the machining process, material premium, tools and collision check. It also generates a programming G code (type of programming language for machines) which can be entered into the machine safe way. For this, a virtual machine was developed from the real Leadwell f1, which was located in the processing laboratory of the Los Libertadores University Foundation. Thank you to a processor designed specifically for computers, the processes created in the virtual machine are fully compatible with real computers. Thanks to the developed tactic of the virtual machine, simulation, collision checking and post processor, specimens were machined in the machining laboratory of the Fundación Universitaria Los Libertadores, increasing the availability of the machine in favor of the teachers and students, reducing machine assembly and programming times, Thus offering one more resource in which you can improve your learning safely and close to the machine. Demonstrating the great importance that the technologies of simulation and post processors, since this topic is one of those addressed by industry 4.0.Ítem Empleo de la técnica espectroscopia de impredancia electroquímica (EIS) para evaluar una celda de corrosiónYepes Joya, Julio Hernán; Hincapié Campos, Williams Steve; Gutiérrez Bernal, Jesús ManuelThis project was carried out the analysis of a corrosion cell which was designed and manufactured in a way that met the standards for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests, for this, through the solied edge software, a friendly and easy-to-use design was made that satisfied The sampling, made with Teflon material and its connections in copper, once this process is completed, the reliability of the design and manufacture of the corrosion cell is validated through an experiment where a ferro-cemented intake valve and Exhaust from a diesel engine, submerged in a 33% NaCl salt water solution, taken on a Gamry equipment performing Tafe tests to make a correct characterization of materials.Ítem Estudio del arte de los recubrimientos DLC aplicado en la industria automotrizBermúdez Gil, Jonathan Stiven; Herrera Oviedo, Andrés Felipe; Hincapié Campos, Williams SteveThe purpose of this work is to contextualize the readers about the implementation of the carbon type diamond hard coatings in the past 20 years in the industry automotive, since over time it has been used more frequently in components of internal combustion engines, specifically in those parts in which need to improve their tribological properties, these coatings were used in several projects in which they included different deposition techniques, all this in order to demonstrate the importance of the use of coatings carbon type diamond hard for this industry in their future research.Ítem Diseño de una cámara de refrigeración para el almacenamiento de pieles de becerro, en la empresa Curtipiel en el barrio San Benito, BogotáSierra Rodríguez, Pablo Andrés; Mendoza Neira, Carlos ArturoThe purpose of this document is to promote the use of clean technologies; specially oriented to the conservation of the environment and the responsible handling of toxic waste in the tanning industry. To guarantee the above and solve a social and environmental need, it was necessary to carry out a study that evaluated each of the intervening procedures in each of the stages of the process. Said analysis was carried out at the facilities of CURTIPEIL, a company located in Bogotá. Once the study was completed, the construction of refrigeration chambers within the organization's facilities was planned to promote both beneficial and safe industrial practices. On the other hand, the use of chemical substances present during the leather preservation process are also the final objective of this project.Ítem Análisis de antecedente de recubrimiento en base DLC para ser aplicado en un cojinete de bancadaLopez Zorro, Alvaro Enrique; Ayure Rodriguez, Pedro Nicolas; Gutierrez Bernal, Jesus ManuelIn the background review, the DLC coating is one of the best techniques in terms of improving mechanical properties since it presents high hardness values which lead to improvement in cyclical processes, that is, elements that are subjected to fatigue, this also helps in the resistance to wear and tear also have a very low coefficient of friction which is very good for the work environment to which a main bearing is subjected when performing pretreatments the properties of the substrate are further improved this coating technique has several deposition techniques mainly PVD and CVD techniques are developed, which have different activation methods and certain demands for vacuum work worldwide, several ramifications and variants have been obtained due to its wide field of action, as well as they develop it for different demands, which makes the technique is more innovative over time as it improves greatly distinguish as p mechanical propertiesÍtem Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de una bomba de desplazamientoPuentes Chala, Jairo Andres; Puentes Lizarazo, Duvan Albeiro; Hincapie Campos, Williams SteveBecause one of the teaching and learning processes of mechanical engineering consists of understanding the various assembly and supply mechanisms of the different machines that we can find in the industry, among these: positive displacement mechanical pumps, and nowadays The Los Libertadores University Foundation university does not have a didactic teaching device where the real operation of these is evidenced. It is intended to make a prototype that meets the design criteria of a reciprocating oil extraction pump, in which its real operation as a pedagogical teaching alternative can be evidenced, thus strengthening the skills and knowledge acquired throughout the career of mechanical engineering, capturing the attention of the students and professors of the institution. The document shows the process of calculations and execution of the assembly, including photographs, considerations for improvements and drawings of the prototype. The material used in the pump stem, in this case bronze, allows the use of liquids derived from petroleum, generating a more realistic experience, as well as presenting the possibility of carrying out future projects with abrasive fluids. The teaching prototype successfully simulates the real operation of a reciprocating oil extraction pump, operating with petroleum-derived liquids, self-priming, a pulsating flow and a flow rate of 100 ml / min. In this way, it is intended to leave a mark on the academic and didactic spaces of the institution for the professional growth of future mechanical engineering students.Ítem Diseño funcionamiento y aplicabilidad de una valvula controladora de flujo de cuerpo biseccional y triple sistema de accionamiento integradoEscalante Niño, Carlos Fernando; Villalba, Jorge ArmandoThe management of working fluids in industries such as hydrocarbons, water treatments, oil production, refineries and among others, is a task that involves the design, calculation and construction of complex pipeline networks with control and instrumentation elements. integrated that seek to give security and meaning to the process itself. The selection of these components starts from the idea of controlling the multiple variables of these fluids in motion from the effective interaction of these elements and the functional compression of them. However, the marked diversification of these elements leads to the design and budget of a project specific problems that range from the cost of a very varied stock of valves, spare parts and parts, to the factory restrictions that a valve has by construction and limit the range of its applicability. Thinking about how to minimize these problems in a practical and viable way, this thesis develops a multifunctional valve model that integrates 3 typical models of different operation into one, considering and attending to the regulatory guidelines for these equipment and real border conditions on the which these valves work on. In the first stay of this document, a conceptual environment was considered, which alludes to basic concepts of theory and calculation that allow us to understand the basis of the design and conception of the proposed model in its aspects of operation and physical form. Later, the valve design was developed in a CAD work environment, supported by the formulation of calculations and selection of materials for certain base components of the model, as well as the reference to technical parameters that are necessary to understand in order to make logical sense of certain internal valve systems and their effective selection. The simulation and validation of the model is made from specific tests of static pressure, by dynamic regime, vorticity in the CAE-CFD work environment, from which the results obtained were analyzed and the feasibility of the internal geometry and the reliability of the design concepts formulated in the previous part of the document. Similarly, the evaluation of these results allowed inferring elements of judgment in the valve operation recommendations and their comparison with commercial models of the same level. Finally, a commercial evaluation of the model was carried out in order to estimate economic costs as well as its technical feasibilityÍtem Reingeniería y puesta en funcionamiento de una caldera pirotubular didáctica para la Fundación Universitaria Los LibertadoresBeltran Varela, Luis; Guzman Contreras, José Ignacio; Toquica Rodriguez, Michael Andres; Moreno Arias, Claudio AlbertoImproving spaces for the development of academic practices is an important aspect at the Los Libertadores University Foundation; Given this requirement, the need to put into operation the fire tube boiler that is there, to carry out academic practices, was determined. The reengineering of the equipment was carried out applying the design requirements demanded by the ASME standard, in order to generate the operation guide, the practical instructions and the maintenance manual.Ítem Memory Game: del azar a la concentraciónMuñoz Sánchez, Adriana; Batista Escobar, Orlando; Rengifo Guerrero, ElizabethThis is a methodological proposal that is based on the concept of the game to develop with students from third to fifth grade of primary school of the Leticia educational institution in the city of Monteria concentration and logic skills, as well as the learning of vocabularies of the statistics and geometry subjects. Starting from the fact that students' learning is strictly linked to their motivation and comprehension capacity, in addition to the use of an increasingly enriched vocabulary that allows them to feel comfortable and confident to develop exercises inside and outside the classroom of class. In particular, students from grades three to five at the Leticia educational institution in the city of Monteria have shown difficulty in developing statistical logic skills and learning vocabulary in both statistics and geometry. Limiting himself to writing the explanations that the teacher provides, to record information on the board or in the text, without any type of cognitive stimulus that allows a construction of numerical thinking, thus showing difficulty in the analysis and interpretation of data, statistical tables, geometric formulas among other evidence of learning. Therefore, this work constitutes a teaching-learning proposal for the mathematics teacher (geometry, statistics, arithmetic) to work with their students, based on the game, since this is a way in which the student become more engaged with their learning processÍtem Diseño de un aerogenerador que apoye la demanda energética de un hogar promedio en BogotáLucero Figueroa, Juan David; Moya Montoya, Sebastian; Rolón Ríos, Juan EduardoThis document shows the design of a vertical axis wind turbine, which must satisfy at least the demand of 20% of the electricity consumption of an average home in Bogotá. All this from the variables of the air that occur in the mentioned city. In addition, appearance is an important factor in the design of the wind turbine, so that in addition to producing energy, it adorns the place where it is located. Through the document described the mathematical processes, design methods and arguments of the decisions made that are relevant for the development of the design.Ítem Diseño y fabricación de una cámara de niebla salina para realizar ensayos de corrosión, según norma ASTM B-117 para el laboratorio de materiales de la Fundación Universitaria Los LibertadoresFerrer Cardenas, Antonio; Pinilla Quevedo, Carlos Alfredo; Cadena Barahona, Evelio Ricardo; Chamarraví Guerra, OscarIn the present work, a saline mist chamber was designed and built to perform corrosion tests on metallic materials, with metallic and non-metallic coatings, in accordance with the ASTM B-117-11 standard. In the aforementioned standard, the parameters and conditions for the construction of the chamber were obtained, among which the following stand out: Maximum and minimum temperature inside the chamber. Concentration of saline solution Air pressure Duration of the trial Cap angle Location of specimens Specimen cleaning procedure White 5mm thick acrylic was chosen for the body of the chamber, and transparent acrylic of the same thickness for the lid. Acrylic is a totally inert material in the saline environment and with very low thermal conductivity. An oil-free compressor, filter and pressure regulator were placed in one unit and a humidifier for air treatment. For the heating, seven halogen bulbs of the GU-10 type of 50 W each were installed, controlled by a digital pyrometer that receives a signal from a type J thermocouple, also of 50 W with a thermostat incorporated in its body. Various plastic containers were used for the different water and saline tanks. Time is controlled with a digital timer. To control the level of the liquids, 2 solenoid valves activated by magnetic sensors of the "reed swich" type were used.Ítem Diseño de equipo para montaje y desmontaje de "machos", punzones en moldes instalados en prensas hidráulicas, para la fabricación de pisos y paredes, en la industria cerámicaMurcia Bello, Cesar Alveiro; Vega Hormaza, Rafael Antonio; González, Francisco JavierDue to the advancement that ceramics have had in the Colombian market, the need arises to innovate in new tools, or complement existing ones, in order to facilitate and ensure processes and / or activities that are carried out with high frequency by workers which put their health and physical integrity at risk. A high impact activity is the change of punches in the molds, in hydraulic presses, due to the risks to which the people involved in the maneuver are exposed. This document describes the development of the design, calculation and selection of mechanical and structural elements, suitable for an equipment, that meets the basic needs of the process and that it is possible to manufacture it with elements and materials that are commercially available in Colombia. The first part of the document is dedicated to publicizing the types of equipment used for handling loads and specifically for the core change activity in hydraulic presses. Below is everything related to materials, specifications and characteristics of the required elements. Subsequently, there is the development of the equipment design, starting with its description and operation, going through the calculations of the main components of the equipment and ending with the selection of the alternatives for each component. As annexes to the document are the equipment design plans, which will be used for later manufacturing and some videos of the equipment operation simulation.Ítem Diseño y montaje del sistema de admisión GLP para motor diéselLara González, Andrés David; García Mariaca, AlexanderÍtem Diseño de un plan de integridad contra la corrosión para los tanques de almacenamiento de crudo del campo QUIFA 4 en Pacific Energy RubialesRodriguez Hernandez, Jorge Armando,; Martinez Silva, Ruben Dario;; Casallas Salinas, QuilyamThrough this project we will publicize the concept of corrosion in the oil industry, which is a critical problem that is faced today in the fields of oil production, in the same way a study of the systems that are used to combat corrosion such as polymeric coatings, cathodic protection or special coatings among others, characterizing the impact that each system has to combat the phenomenon of corrosion in metals, in this same way we can know the different types of corrosion currently being addressed in oil production and storage fields. This thesis will allow us to analyze the damage caused by corrosion in the oil storage tanks of the oil industry, especially in the Pacific Energy Rubiales storage tanks, in the Quifa 4 production field, generating an integrity plan which will help to combat this phenomenon that affects assets and generates a potential economic blow in this field of the oil industry. This study will help us to know the general state in which the storage tanks of the Quifa 4 field are located, in the same way the pertinent observations will be made, as a possible solution to combat the effects of corrosion on these Pacific Energy Rubiales assets . Through the study and analysis of these processes applied against this phenomenon and the different solutions proposed for the current conditions in which the tanks are located, an integrity plan will be carried out by which the deterioration in these metals can be combated and we can combat improve the state in which the oil storage tanks of the Quifa field are located