Diseño de prototipo de estación meteorológica portátil como accesorio utilizado por un drone para la obtención de datos meteorológicos en zonas de difícil acceso.

Abstract

A prototype of a portable weather station has been developed that can be used by a drone to access areas of difficult access in the Colombian territory to obtain truthful and timely information about this with altitude, atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity that are fundamental for weather prediction. To create this device, a drone was carefully selected. This drone is specifically designed for utilization within regions characterized by challenging geographical features, where establishing a permanent weather station proves to be a formidable task. The primary objective is to bolster the capabilities of environmental agencies under the National Environmental System, including esteemed bodies like the Institute of Hydrology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM), the National Environmental Licensing Authority (ANLA), as well as the Regional Autonomous Corporations (CAR). The drone functions as an indispensable instrument for acquiring vital information within these complex terrains. Its presence empowers the environmental authorities, enabling them to significantly augment their data collection initiatives. Given the distinctive nature of this project, an experimental methodology will be adopted. This approach takes into careful consideration the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships. It involves processes such as investigation, verification, comparison, refutation, and affirmation of the theory at hand. In this particular case, the objective is to illustrate how the prototype effectively supplements the data sourced from stationary weather stations. These stations are pivotal for interpreting climatic phenomena, and the project seeks to showcase the prototype's capacity in this regard. he project's development unfolded across three (03) distinct phases. The initial phase was of a technical nature, involving the utilization of a DJI Mini 2 drone. This drone was outfitted with a bespoke portable weather station model. The components of this station encompassed a 16x2 LED screen, a BMP180 barometric sensor, a DHT22 sensor for humidity and temperature measurement, a potentiometer, an assortment of resistors, and battery holders. This assemblage facilitated its seamless transportation to the designated testing site situated in the rural expanse of Subachoque, Cundinamarca municipality. In this locale, pertinent data was meticulously gathered, subsequently subject to rigorous comparison with the datasets provided by the Institute of Hydrology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM).