Vínculos y dinámicas relacionales en el restablecimiento de derechos de niños, niñas, adolescentes en hogares sustitutos.

Abstract

Substitute homes as a restoration measure promote the rights of children and adolescents. However, the understanding of the psychological subject is reduced by the subject of rights that is intended to protect from the legal measure. Therefore, this research seeks to understand how the foster home program contributes to the process of reestablishing the rights of children and adolescents by building emotional ties. To do this, a theoretical framework was carried out under three categories: family, bonds and substitute homes, through an interpretive hermeneutic approach under a documentary methodology, at three levels: first, a review of thirty research documents; second, two expert psychologists were interviewed; finally, with the information collected, an analysis by triangulation was performed. The results allowed a discussion exercise in which three inductive elements emerge: protectionism, reductionism and temporality; reason why it could be concluded that there is no dialogue between the legal and the psychological in the implementation of substitute homes, prioritizing a normative protectionist view that does not take into account the context and the particular needs of the cases, making clear the importance of the prevention for the improvement and maintenance of family dynamics, focused on avoiding the silencing of children, families of origin and substitutes in understanding the legal measure from the subjectivity and the uncertainty of temporality in the protection measure, since these impact in the construction of identity, emotional ties and life trajectory.